GMAT阅读科学备考法详解

        小编今天为大家整理了新GRE阅读科学的备考方法，供各位新GRE考生进行参考。

　　GMAT/GRE阅读文章第四篇：

　　Modern archaeological finds can still contribute much to the study of ancient literature.

　　Archaeology和literature之间的关系是什么?

　　Archaeological finds有助于ancient literature

　　Still这个词在这里的作用是?

　　告诉我们考古学的作用之前重要，现在仍然很重要

　　所以我们期待的下文应该是当代考古学和古代文学之间的一直以来的关系。

　　提醒：still这个词是否在下文中被解释说明了?

　　For example, forty years ago a survey of the early Greek dramatist Aeschylus’ plays would have started with The Suppliant Women.

　　看到for example很开心，举例子的目的是在?

　　解释说明前面一句话

　　此句中那些部分是在解释说明上一句，即哪些有对应?

　　Forty years ago对应still

　　Greek dramatist Aeschylus’ plays=The Suppliant Women=ancient literature

　　Many factors internal to the play, but perhaps most especially the prominence of the chorus (which in this play has the main role), led scholars to consider it one of Aeschylus’ earlier works. The consensus was that here was a drama truly reflecting an early stage in the evolution of tragedy out of choral lyric.

　　The Suppliant Women和考古学的关系是?

　　很多人认为它是A这个人的早起作品。

　　划线句子和上文的关系是?

　　支持，解释说明

　　Here was a drama,这里的drama指的是?

　　The Suppliant Women

　　哪些词是需要我们记下来的关于The Suppliant Women的特点?

　　Consensus(反映了大家的一致观点)，reflecting an early stage in the evolution of tragedy out of choral lyric

　　The play was dated as early as the 490’s B.C., in any event , well before Aeschylus’ play The Persians of 472 B.C.

　　The play指代的是?

　　The Suppliant Women

　　这里的两个时间(490’s B.C. VS 472 B.C.)对比，体现了上文的什么?

　　led scholars to consider it one of Aeschylus’ earlier works，认为The Suppliant Women是早期作品

　　这里又出现了A 这个人的另一部作品The Persians，所以应当提醒自己下文是否出现了这两件作品的关系?

　　Then, in 1952, a fragment of papyrus found at Oxyrhynchus was published stating the official circumstances and results of a dramatic contest.

　　1952年可以作为我们的一个定位点。并且提示我们这里应该和什么产生关系了?

　　考古学。

　　划线部分是否和上文有关?暗示我们什么?

　　有关系。

　　Contest告诉我们观点要转折了，所以期待下面的观点(关于The Suppliant Women的年代)出现不一致的观点

　　怎样体现了和文学之间的关系?继续往下看

　　The fragment announced that Aeschylus won first prize with his Danaid tetralogy, of which The Suppliant Women is the opening play, and defeated Sophocles in the process.

　　划线部分指代的是?

　　上文的1952年出土的碎片。

　　这里的Danaid tetralogy是全新的概念嘛?

　　不是，和The Suppliant Women 有关系，包含。

　　A这个人用Danaid tetralogy(以The Suppliant Women开篇的)赢得了个奖。打败了Sophocles

　　思考，Sophocles应该是什么?

　　跟dramatic contest有关系，即也属于ancient literature。

　　这句话是对上一句的一个解释说明。

　　Sophocles did not compete in any dramatic contest before 468 B.C., when he won his first victory. Hence, except by special pleading (e. g., that the tetralogy was composed early in Aeschylus’ career but not produced until the 460’s B.C.), the Danaid tetralogy must be put after 468 B.C.

　　读到这，发现S是个人，那既然能和A比较，就有相似之处，应该都是写剧本的。

　　S 这个人次参赛是在468 B.C.,也是在此时获得次成功。

　　Danaid tetralogy打败了S这个人意味着什么?

　　在此之前都是S一直位居，然后被拖下来了。

　　所以作者在这里告诉我们，Danaid tetralogy肯定是在S赢得次胜利之后，也就是468 B.C.之后。

　　In addition, a few letters in the fragment suggest the name Archedemides, archon in 463 B.C., thus perhaps tying the plays to that precise date, almost exactly halfway between Aeschylus’ Seven Against Thebes of 467 B.C. and his Oresteia.

　　In addition提示我们这句话是顺承(递进)关系

　　这里需要我们记下来的东西是463 B.C(一直做笔记，发现这篇文章的时间定位点很多，注意记录，每个时间点都发生了生么事情。)

　　因为fragment里面提到了Archedemides这个名字(他是463B.C.的人物)所以也还原了这个剧作的准确时间。

　　The play指代的是?

　　The Suppliant Women

　　根据此句话，The Suppliant Women出现的时间应该是?

　　在Seven Against Thebes of 467 B.C. 和 his Oresteia之间。

　　总结一下段的内容：一直以来我们认为A这个人的作品The Suppliant Women是属于他的早期作品的(490’s B.C.);但是出土的碎片展示了一些证据，质疑了这个观点：其实创作The Suppliant Women的年代没有我们想的那么早(大概是463B.C.)

　　下面开始第二段

　　The implication of the papyrus administered a severe shock to the vast majority of classical scholars, who had confidently asserted that not only the role of the chorus but also language, metrics, and characterization all pointed to an early date.

　　这句话的主干是?

　　The implication administered a shock

　　The implication指代的是?

　　The fragment of papyrus，出土的碎片所指示的时间点。

　　这句话里的shock指代的是什么

　　classical scholars所认为的 “pointed to an early date”，出土的碎片和古典学者所认为的时间上的不统一。后者认为chorus，language，metrics，和characterization都提示我们The Suppliant Women的时间比出土的碎片所指的时间更早

　　所以这句话和段最后的观点的关系是?

　　顺承，并未出现转折。出土的碎片使得那些认为The Suppliant Women是在490’s B.C.创作出来的人们大为震惊。

　　The discovery has resulted in no less than a total reevaluation of every chronological criterion that has been applied to or derived from Aeschylus’ plays.

　　The discovery指代的是?

　　出土的fragment of papyrus

　　chronological criterion是新概念嘛?

　　不是，就是之前一直说的关于The Suppliant Women年代的确定。

　　所以这句话仍然继续上问的话题，什么和什么之间的关系?

　　考古学(出土的碎片)对于古文学的作用。

　　碎片的发现使得我们要重新界定A的剧作的时间。

　　The activity has been brisk, and a new creed has now spread. The prominence of the chorus in The Suppliant Women now is seen not as a sign of primitivism but as analogous to the massive choral songs of the Oresteia.

　　根据出土出来的碎片我们发现了The Suppliant Women和Oresteia的关系是?

　　Analogous

　　既然本篇文章都是要通过考古，来去确定The Suppliant Women的确切时间，根据analogous这个词我们可以大胆推测，应该是和Oresteia时期差不多的。这个观点在段的结尾已经被提出了。

　　Statistics have been formulated, or reformulated, to show that stylistically The Suppliant Women does actually occupy a position after The Persians and Seven Against Thebes, which now become the “primitive” plays, and

     小编就介绍到这里啦！